Investigation into Fires Started by Electric Vehicles
A data-driven analysis of electric vehicle and personal mobility device fires in the UK, revealing key statistical trends and actionable recommendations.
93%
Surge in Fires
The number of lithium-ion battery fires has surged dramatically in just two years (2022-2024).
100%
E-Bike Fire Increase
Fires involving e-bikes have seen the most significant rise, doubling from 2022 to 2024.
31%
London's Proportion
London has emerged as a major hotspot, accounting for nearly a third of all UK incidents.
The Evolving Landscape of EV Fires
Thermal Runaway
The unique chemical reaction in lithium-ion batteries makes fires extremely hot, fast-spreading, and difficult to extinguish.
Under-Reported Data
The lack of a standardized national data collection protocol means the true scale of the problem is likely much larger.
Counterfeit Products
A major trigger is the proliferation of substandard and unregulated batteries and chargers sold online.
Key Mitigation Strategies and Recommendations
Actionable steps for all stakeholders to manage the risks associated with the transition to a battery-powered future.
1. For Consumers and Homeowners
Focus on public education regarding safe charging and storage, as well as prudent purchasing from reputable retailers.
2. For Fire and Rescue Services
Requires upgrading national data systems and providing specialized training and equipment for thermal runaway incidents.
3. For Businesses and Insurers
Implement new risk management protocols for fleets and premises, and adapt insurance policies to this evolving risk profile.
4. For Regulators and Policymakers
Strengthen product safety regulations for online marketplaces and launch coordinated public awareness campaigns.
Fires by Vehicle Type (2024)
E-bikes account for a significant portion of all recorded lithium-ion battery fires.
Growth in Fires (2022-2024)
The rate of fire incidents is growing rapidly across all electric vehicle types.
A Growing Threat to Public Safety
Toxic Gases
Fatal Emissions
Lithium-ion battery fires generate over 100 organic chemicals, including hydrogen cyanide.
10x More Water
For Extinguishing
Extinguishing an EV fire requires significantly more resources than a conventional car fire.
High Temp
700°C to 1000°C
Thermal runaway incidents burn at extremely high temperatures, posing a severe risk to first responders.
Re-Ignition
Hours Later
These fires are known to reignite hours or even days after they have been extinguished.